Ruling-pen



M. P. HERMANN. nuLmc PEN.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 26. I9I9.

1,340,895. I Patented May 25, 1920.

2 SHEETSSHEET I- I\ Wm M flax flermarzw M. P. HERMANN.

' RULING PEN.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 26, 1919.

v 1,340,895. I Patented May 25, 1920.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2;

u NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

aux-r. HERMANN, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

T0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known "that 1, MAX P. 'HERMANN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful" Improve ments in RulingPens, of which the following is a specification. e

One object of my invention is to provide an improved ruling pen, such for example as a ru'ling pen used by draftsmem'in which the blades or 'nibs can "be quickly andeasily made from sheet metal.

Another object isto so make my improved ruling pen that it will include a gage wherethe ,nibs or blades can be accurately set an of i arious widths so that a draftsman, without trial of the ,pen upon 'paper, can determine the width of -the line which the pen will rule .and thereby save considerable time in his work.

Another object is to somake the parts of my improved pen that they can be "easily taken apart for cleaning purposes and can be readily assembled.

A further object is to so make the parts of my improved pen thatthe nibs or blades can be easily adjusted by the movement of a member conveniently located so that it can be easily operated bythe same 'hand in which the pen is held.

These objects, and other advantageous ends which will be described hereinafter, I

attain .in the following manner, reference being had to the accompanying drawings in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of a ruling pen constructed in accordance with my invention,

Fig. 2 is atop *plan'view of Fig.1,

Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation taken on the line 33 of Fig.2,

Fig. 4 shows a top planview of one of the blades or nibs of my improved pen, illustrating how the same is stamped 'or cut from a single piece of sheet metal and afterward bent into the :form shown in Figs.

1 "to 3 inclusive,

Fig. 5 is a "plan view of the other blade or nib of my improved rpen showing the same as stamped from a piece of sheet metal,

Fig. 6 ;is a 'plan' view of an actuating =lever which forms apart "of my invention,

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application -fi1ed June 26, I919.

desired distance apart "for iruling "lines RULING-PEN.

Patented May 25, 1920.

Serial No. 306,994.

Fig. 7 is a transverse section taken on the 'l1ne 7--7 of Fig.6,

Fig. 8 is a side elevation of another form of pen made in accordance with my invention,

F g. 9 is a top plan View of Fig. 8, Fig. 10 1s a sectionalelevation taken on the line 1010 of Fig. 9,

Fig. 11 is an enlarged transverse section taken on the line 1111 of Fig. 10,

Fig. 12 1s a sideelevation-of another form of my invention showing the ordinary man- -blade and which is made by cutting or stamping a pieceof fiat sheet steel of the shape shown in Fig. 4. After cutting the same from theflat sheet of steel, the laterally extending portions 15 are bent sub stantially at right angles to the mainoportion 16. A channel 17 isthus formed between the portions 15 and the central portion '16. In this channel I secure a block 18 of metal by brazing or soldering and insert ascrew 19therethrough as clearlyshown in Fig. 3. Said block has a screw threaded stem .20 which is screwed into a handle 21. 'The screw 19 has an enlargedupper portion 22 which provides a shoulder 28 for holding the upper blade'2 1 betweenthe por tion 22 and the top of'the block 18. A cap 25 is internally screwthreaded'and fits upon the screw portion 22, said cap having its upper face graduated, as shown at 26 in,

Fig.2. A lever '27 hastrunnions 28 projecting -therefrom, said 'trimnions being adaptedto be inserted under rearwardly extending hooks 29 which are a part of the portions 15. The rear end portion 36 of the. lever'27 rests on a central pivot projection 31 on the top of the cap'25. The opposite end portion 32 of the lever 27 bears against the top surface ofthe upper blade 24 at a position forward of thetrunnions28, said. latter plate and lever being positioned between the portions 15, as clearly shownin Figs. 1, 2 and 3. The upper blade 2a is reduced in width as shown at 33 to provide shoulders 34, said shoulders being adapted toen'gage in front of the rearwardly curved edges 35 of lugs 36. The blade 24 is curved to include a hump 37 and it is upon this hump that the end portion 32 of the lever the upper nib or blade 24 toward the lower main blade 14 so as to vary the space between the nibs at their extreme forward ends, and the distance apart of said forward ends can be determined by the relative position between the pointed end 38 of the lever 27 and the graduations on the cap 25. It will thus be understood that the forward ends of the upper and lower blades are normally apart, due to the resiliency of the upper blade and also its mounting. Therefore, when the cap 25 is turned downwardly upon the screw 22 the rear end of the lever 27 will move downwardly and the resiliency of the blade 24 will cause the latter to move away from the blade 14, as is obvious from theconstruction as illustrated and above described.

Referring to Figs. 8 to 11 inclusive, instead of providing an upwardly extending screw and cap, such as shown at 22 and 25, I have illustrated a smoothcylindrical portion 39 which is interposed between the block l8 and the screw threaded stem 20 to which the handle 21 is attached. The cylindrical portion 39 forms a bearing for a sleeve 40 which has graduations 41 on its outer peripheral surface adjacent its forward end. 'The sleeve 40 has a pin 42 which projects into a cam 43 which is mounted on the cylindrical portion 39 so that when the handle 21 is turned into itsproperposition as shown in Figs. 8, 9 and 10, the cam 43 can be rotated by rotating the sleeve 40.

A screw 1.9 has a smooth end 44 which,

projects through a slot 45 in a lever 27. The rear end 38 of the lever 27 rests against the surface 46 of the cam 43. The sleeve 40 has a recess 47 directly adjacent the rear of the cam 43. In all other respects the construction is similar to that described in connection with Figs. lto 7 inclusive and I have therefore given similar referencechan acters to corresponding parts; It will be noted that to operate the blades of the form of my invention shown in Figs. 8 to 11 inclusive that it is merely necessary to rotate the sleeve 40 upon the cylindrical portion 39 and the cam 43 will operate the lever 27 in the same manner as the cap 25, above described, operates the lever 27. The recess 47 is so placed that when the low part of the cam 43 is turned into register therewith that.

it is an easy matter to remove the lever 2" and the parts can be removed by pressing the lever 27 downwardly to free the trunnions 28 from the hooks 29. The lever 27 can then be slid rearwardly and entirely removed,'as can also the handle 21, sleeve 40 and cam 43. The blades can then be thoroughly cleaned or sharpened if desired.

I11 Figs. 12 and 13 I have illustrated a pen in which the blades 47 and 48 are made similar to those above described with the exception that the hooks 29 are omitted. In this form of my invention the lower blade 47 includes a screw threaded, post 49 having an adjusting screw 50 mounted thereon for the purpose of directly compressing the blade 48 toward the blade 47 A block 51 is interposed within the channel 52and a screw 53 secures the blade 48 to the block 51. The block has a screw threaded stem 54 which screws into a handle 55. The blades of this form of my invention are produced of sheet metal and the channel 52 is provided by bending in the same manner as described in connection with the parts 15 and 16. of the form of my invention shown in Figs. 1 to 7 inclusive. V

IVhile I have described my invention as taking a particular form, it will be understood that the various parts of my invention may be changed without departing from the spirit thereof, and hence I do not limit myself to the precise construction set forth, but consider that I am at liberty to make such changes and alterations as. fairly come within the scope of-the appendedclaims.

Having thus described my invention, what 0 I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is I e l. A pen including a blade having a channel formed by bent-up portions providing trunnion bearings; a second bladehaving a 05' toward said first blade; substantially as described. V

2. A penincluding a blade having a channel formed by bent-up portions provided with books to form a fulcrum; a second blade having a partnormally spaced'from said first blade; a lever having portions swingably engaging said'fulcrum and bear- I ing against said second mentioned -blade; and adjustable means for moving said lever whereby the latter engages said second mentioned blade and moves it toward said first blade; substantially as described.

3. A pen including a blade having portions bent to provide a channel and including hooks formed on the sides thereof to serve as a bearing; a second blade secured relatively to said first blade; a lever ha ving portions swingably engaging said bearing;

and adjustable means for swinging said lever on its bearing to cause the lever to move said second blade toward said first blade; substantially as described.

4. A pen including a blade having bent-up side portions provided with rearwardly extending hooks to form a bearing; a second blade secured relatively to said first blade; a swingable lever having trunnions for engagement under said hooks as a bearing and having a portion engaging on said second blade; and adjustable actuating means for swinging said lever on its bearing whereby the blades are moved together by the action of the lever; substantially as described.

5. A pen including a blade having bent-u p side portions provided with rearwardly extending hooks to form a bearing; a second blade secured relatively to said first blade; a swingable lever having trunnions for engagement under said hooks as a bearing and having a portion engaging on said second blade; and adjustable actuating means for swinging said lever on its bearing whereby the blades are moved together by the action of the lever, said second blade having shoulders thereon for engagement with parts of said bent portions of the first blade; substantially as described.

6. A pen including a blade having bent-up side portions provided with rearwardly extending hooks forming a bearing; a second blade secured relatively to said first blade; a swingable lever having trunnions for engagement under said hooks as a bearing and having a portion engaging said second blade; and adjustable actuating means for swinging said lever on its bearing whereby the blades are moved together by the action of the lever, said second blade including a hump against which said lever bears; substantially as described. I

'7. A pen including a blade having a channel formed by bent-up portions providing trunnion bearings; a second blade having a part located within said channel; a lever having trunnions swingably engaging said trunnion bearings; and means for adj ustably moving said lever whereby the latter engages said second mentioned blade and moves it toward said first blade said moving means having graduations thereon with which a portion of the lever registers whereby the eX- tent of movement of the lever can be determined; substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

MAX P. HER-MANN.

Witnesses:

CHAS. E. ,Porrs, ANNA. BENTON. 

